Products

Case Hardening Steels

The carburizing process not only improves surface hardness, wear resistance, and durability but also enhances the strength and toughness of the core area of the part. This allows the part to bear heavy loads and absorb shock loads.

Carburizing materials typically have a carbon content of about 0.10 – 0.20%, though it can rise to up to 0.25% in some variants. They can be produced either as alloyed or non-alloyed materials.

Carburizing steels can undergo various heat treatments after the carburizing process. After carburization, the carbon content in the core remains between 0.10 and 0.20%, while it can rise up to 0.8% in the surface areas. In this case, selecting the appropriate heat treatment temperature becomes more challenging because the carbon content varies across the entire workpiece. If the temperature is adjusted to the core, it may lead to grain coarsening in the wall region, while choosing the temperature for the wall region may result in insufficient hardening of the core. Therefore, the most straightforward method is the hardening treatment directly after carburization. This method can only be applied after salt bath and gas carburization. It is particularly suitable for fine-grained steels.

As the carbon content and alloying elements in carburizing steels increase, the strength of the core can be enhanced. However, the most effective approach is core hardening after carburization. This method is known as double hardening. The workpiece is subjected to a suitable hardening treatment temperature for the core, followed by rapid cooling, and then an intermediate annealing procedure is applied. Afterward, the wall region is hardened by rapid cooling to the appropriate hardening treatment temperature for this region.

The weldability of carburizing steels is good. For alloyed steels, stress-relief annealing is required after welding. The best machining properties are achieved with normally annealed or coarse-grained material. Soft-annealed material is not preferred due to its poor surface quality.

Case Hardening Steels and Their Alloys
Material Number	DIN	SAE / AISI	C	Si	Mn	Pmax	Smax	Cr	Mo	Ni
1.0301	C 10	1010	0.07-0.13	0.04	0.30-0.60	0.045	0.045	-	-	-
1.0401	C 15	1015	0.12-0.18	0.04	0.30-0.80	0.045	0.045	-	-	-
1.1121	Ck 10	1010	0.07-0.13	0.04	0.30-0.60	0.035	0.035	-	-	-
1.1141	Ck 15	1015	0.12-0.18	0.04	0.30-0.60	0.035	0.035	-	-	-
1.7015	15 Cr 3	5015	0.12-0.18	0.15-0.40	0.40-0.60	0.035	0.035	0.40-0.70	-	-
1.7131	16 MnCr 5	5115	0.14-0.19	0.04	1.00-1.30	0.035	0.035	0.80-1.10	-	-
1.7147	20 MnCr 5	5120	0.17-0.22	0.04	0.60-0.90	0.035	0.035	1.00-1.30	-	-
1.7321	20 MoCr 4	-	0.17-0.23	0.04	0.70-1.00	0.035	0.035	0.30-0.60	0.40-0.50	-
1.7325	25 MoCr 4	-	0.23-0.29	0.15-0.40	0.60-0.90	0.035	0.035	0.40-0.60	0.40-0.50	-
1.5919	15 CrNi 6	-	0.14-0.19	0.04	0.40-0.60	0.035	0.035	1.40-1.70	-	1.40-1.70
1.5920	18 CrNi 8	-	0.15-0.20	0.15-0.40	0.40-0.60	0.035	0.035	1.80-2.10	-	1.80-2.10
1.6587	17 NiCrMo 6	-	0.14-0.21	0.04	0.50-0.90	0.035	0.035	1.50-1.80	0.25-0.35	1.40-1.70
1.6523	21 NiCrMo 2	8620	0.17-0.23	0.04	0.65-0.95	0.035	0.040	0.35-0.70	0.15-0.25	0.40-0.70
1.1140	Cm 15	-	0.12-0.18	0.04	0.30-0.60	0.035	0.020-0.040	-	-	-
1.7139	16 MnCrS 5	-	0.14-0.19	0.04	1.00-1.30	0.035	0.020-0.040	0.80-1.10	-	-
1.7149	20 MnCrS 5	-	0.17-0.22	0.04	1.10-1.40	0.035	0.020-0.040	1.00-1.30	-	-
1.7323	20 MoCrS 4	-	0.17-0.22	0.04	0.60-0.90	0.035	0.020-0.040	0.30-0.50	0.40-0.50	-
1.7326	25 MoCrS 4	-	0.23-0.29	0.15-0.40	0.60-0.90	0.035	0.020 0.040	0.40-0.60	0.40-0.50	-
1.5713	13 NiCr 6	3415	0.10-0.17	0.15-0.35	0.30-0.50	0.035	0.035	0.65-0.85	-	1.35-1.50
1.5752	14 NiCr 14	3415;3310	0.14-0.20	0.04	0.40-0.70	0.035	0.035	0.60-0.90	-	3.00-3.50
1.7243	18CrMo 4	-	0.15-0.21	0.04	0.60-0.90	0.035	0.035	0.90-1.20	0.15-0.25	-

Wärmebehandlung von Einsatzstahl
Material Number	DIN	SAE / AISI	Warm Forming Temperature (°C)	Annealing Temperature (°C)	Case Hardening Temperature (°C)	Type of Case Hardening			Cooling After Carbonizing						Core Hardening Temperature	Intercritical Annealing Temperature	Surface Hardening				Tempering Temperature
						Type of Case Hardening			Water	Öl	Warm Bath	Salt Baths	Carburizing Furnace	Air (°C)			( °C )	Waterr	Oil	Warm Bath
						Direct Quenching	Simple Tempering	Double Tempering	Water	Öl	Warm Bath	Salt Baths	Carburizing Furnace	Air (°C)			( °C )	Waterr	Oil	Warm Bath
1.0301	C 10	1010	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	-	*	-	*	*	880-920	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.0401	C 15	1015	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	-	*	-	*	*	880-920	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.1121	Ck 10	1010	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	-	*	-	*	*	880-920	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.1140	Cm 15	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	-	*	-	*	*	880-920	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.1141	Ck 15	1015	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	-	*	-	*	*	880-920	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.5919	15 CrNi 6	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	-	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	840-870	630-650	800-830	+	*	*	170-210
1.5920	18 CrNi 8	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	-	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	840-870	630-650	800-830	+	*	*	170-210
1.6523	21 NiCrMo 2	8620	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	-	*	*	-	*	*	840-870	630-650	800-830	+	*	*	170-210
1.6587	17 NiCrMo 6	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	-	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	840-870	630-650	800-830	+	*	*	170-210
1.7015	15 Cr 3	5015	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	*	*	-	*	*	870-900	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.7131	16 MnCr 5	5115	1150-850	670-700	900-950	+	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	850-880	-	810-840	+	*	*	170-210
1.7139	16 MnCrS 5	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	+	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	850-880	-	810-840	+	*	*	170-210
1.7147	20 MnCr 5	5120	1150-850	670-700	900-950	+	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	850-880	-	810-840	+	*	*	170-210
1.7149	20 MnCrS 5	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	+	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	850-880	-	810-840	+	*	*	170-210
1.7321	20 MoCr 4	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	-	-	-	*	*	-	-	-	890-920	-	-	-	-	-	170-210
1.7323	20 MoCrS 4	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	-	-	-	*	*	-	-	-	890-920	-	-	-	-	-	170-210
1.7325	25 MoCr 4	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	-	-	-	*	*	-	-	-	890-920	-	-	-	-	-	170-210
1.7326	25 MoCrS 4	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	-	-	-	*	*	-	-	-	890-920	-	-	-	-	-	170-210

* preferred + secondarily preferred - not applicable

Jominy value
HRC values from the suddenly cooled (mm)
Quality		1,5	3	5	7	9	11	13	15	20	25	30	35	40
15 CrNi 6	Max	47	47	46	45	43	42	41	39	37	35	34	34	33
21 NiCrMo 2	Max	49	48	44	42	36	32	30	29	26	24	23	23	22
17 NiCrMo 6	Max	48	48	48	48	47	47	46	46	44	43	42	41	41
16 MnCr 5	Max	47	46	44	41	37	35	34	33	31	30	29	28	27
20 MnCr 5	Max	49	49	48	46	44	42	41	40	37	35	34	33	31
20 MoCr 4	Max	49	47	43	40	36	34	31	29	26	24	23	22	21
25 MoCr 4	Max	52	51	50	47	43	40	38	36	33	31	30	29	28

Case-Hardening Steels

Material Number

DIN

SAE / AISI

Application Areas

1.0301

C 10

1010

Low-stressed and medium-stressed structural and machine parts

1.0401

C 15

1015

Crank arms, bushings, rollers, gears, measuring instruments, and similar structural and machine parts

1.1121

Ck 10

1010

Low-stressed crank arms, bushings, bolts, and similar wear parts for office machines

1.1140

Cm 15

Vibrating and low-stressed structural and machine parts

1.1141

Ck 15

1015

Low-stressed crank arms, bushings, bolts, and similar small machine parts

1.5713

13 NiCr 6

3415

Machine and automotive parts like gears, sprockets, shafts, and similar small parts with high stress

1.5752

14 NiCr 14

3415;3310

Camshafts, gears, standard torque driveshafts

1.5919

15 CrNi 6

Machine and automotive parts like gears, sprockets, shafts, and similar high-stress parts

1.5920

18 CrNi 8

Thick-walled gears, disc wheels, and other heavily stressed transmission parts

1.6523

21 NiCrMo 2

8620

Very highly stressed gears, bolts, shafts, switch housings, and similar parts in machines and vehicles

1.6587

17 NiCrMo 6

Very highly stressed transmission parts, thick-walled gears, similar parts exposed to heavy wear

1.7015

15 Cr 3

5015

Roller bearings, rollers, measuring instruments, piston pins, differential parts, gears, screw shafts, and similar parts

1.7131

16 MnCr 5

5115

Gears, transmission parts, driveshaft housings, shafts, bolts, bushings, and similar parts

1.7139

16 MnCrS 5

1.7131 material with improved machinability due to sulfur addition

1.7147

20 MnCr 5

5120

Transmission parts, gears, disc wheels, bevel gears, thick-walled shafts, bolts, bushings, and similar parts

1.7149

20 MnCrS 5

1.7147 material with improved machinability due to sulfur addition

1.7243

18CrMo 4

All types of transmission parts, guiding components, axles, shafts, bolts, bushings, switch bearings, and similar parts

1.7321

20 MoCr 4

All types of transmission parts, guiding components, axles, shafts, bolts, bushings, switch bearings, and similar parts

1.7323

20 MoCrS 4

All types of transmission parts, guiding components, axles, shafts, bolts, bushings, switch bearings, and similar parts

1.7325

25 MoCr 4

All types of transmission parts, guiding components, axles, shafts, bolts, bushings, switch bearings, and similar parts

1.7326

25 MoCrS 4

All types of transmission parts, guiding components, axles, shafts, bolts, bushings, switch bearings, and similar parts

Products

Case Hardening Steels

Carburizing materials typically have a carbon content of about 0.10 – 0.20%, though it can rise to up to 0.25% in some variants. They can be produced either as alloyed or non-alloyed materials.

Case Hardening Steels and Their Alloys
Material Number	DIN	SAE / AISI	C	Si	Mn	Pmax	Smax	Cr	Mo	Ni
1.0301	C 10	1010	0.07-0.13	0.04	0.30-0.60	0.045	0.045	-	-	-
1.0401	C 15	1015	0.12-0.18	0.04	0.30-0.80	0.045	0.045	-	-	-
1.1121	Ck 10	1010	0.07-0.13	0.04	0.30-0.60	0.035	0.035	-	-	-
1.1141	Ck 15	1015	0.12-0.18	0.04	0.30-0.60	0.035	0.035	-	-	-
1.7015	15 Cr 3	5015	0.12-0.18	0.15-0.40	0.40-0.60	0.035	0.035	0.40-0.70	-	-
1.7131	16 MnCr 5	5115	0.14-0.19	0.04	1.00-1.30	0.035	0.035	0.80-1.10	-	-
1.7147	20 MnCr 5	5120	0.17-0.22	0.04	0.60-0.90	0.035	0.035	1.00-1.30	-	-
1.7321	20 MoCr 4	-	0.17-0.23	0.04	0.70-1.00	0.035	0.035	0.30-0.60	0.40-0.50	-
1.7325	25 MoCr 4	-	0.23-0.29	0.15-0.40	0.60-0.90	0.035	0.035	0.40-0.60	0.40-0.50	-
1.5919	15 CrNi 6	-	0.14-0.19	0.04	0.40-0.60	0.035	0.035	1.40-1.70	-	1.40-1.70
1.5920	18 CrNi 8	-	0.15-0.20	0.15-0.40	0.40-0.60	0.035	0.035	1.80-2.10	-	1.80-2.10
1.6587	17 NiCrMo 6	-	0.14-0.21	0.04	0.50-0.90	0.035	0.035	1.50-1.80	0.25-0.35	1.40-1.70
1.6523	21 NiCrMo 2	8620	0.17-0.23	0.04	0.65-0.95	0.035	0.040	0.35-0.70	0.15-0.25	0.40-0.70
1.1140	Cm 15	-	0.12-0.18	0.04	0.30-0.60	0.035	0.020-0.040	-	-	-
1.7139	16 MnCrS 5	-	0.14-0.19	0.04	1.00-1.30	0.035	0.020-0.040	0.80-1.10	-	-
1.7149	20 MnCrS 5	-	0.17-0.22	0.04	1.10-1.40	0.035	0.020-0.040	1.00-1.30	-	-
1.7323	20 MoCrS 4	-	0.17-0.22	0.04	0.60-0.90	0.035	0.020-0.040	0.30-0.50	0.40-0.50	-
1.7326	25 MoCrS 4	-	0.23-0.29	0.15-0.40	0.60-0.90	0.035	0.020 0.040	0.40-0.60	0.40-0.50	-
1.5713	13 NiCr 6	3415	0.10-0.17	0.15-0.35	0.30-0.50	0.035	0.035	0.65-0.85	-	1.35-1.50
1.5752	14 NiCr 14	3415;3310	0.14-0.20	0.04	0.40-0.70	0.035	0.035	0.60-0.90	-	3.00-3.50
1.7243	18CrMo 4	-	0.15-0.21	0.04	0.60-0.90	0.035	0.035	0.90-1.20	0.15-0.25	-

Wärmebehandlung von Einsatzstahl
Material Number	DIN	SAE / AISI	Warm Forming Temperature (°C)	Annealing Temperature (°C)	Case Hardening Temperature (°C)	Type of Case Hardening			Cooling After Carbonizing						Core Hardening Temperature	Intercritical Annealing Temperature	Surface Hardening				Tempering Temperature
						Type of Case Hardening			Water	Öl	Warm Bath	Salt Baths	Carburizing Furnace	Air (°C)			( °C )	Waterr	Oil	Warm Bath
						Direct Quenching	Simple Tempering	Double Tempering	Water	Öl	Warm Bath	Salt Baths	Carburizing Furnace	Air (°C)			( °C )	Waterr	Oil	Warm Bath
1.0301	C 10	1010	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	-	*	-	*	*	880-920	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.0401	C 15	1015	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	-	*	-	*	*	880-920	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.1121	Ck 10	1010	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	-	*	-	*	*	880-920	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.1140	Cm 15	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	-	*	-	*	*	880-920	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.1141	Ck 15	1015	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	-	*	-	*	*	880-920	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.5919	15 CrNi 6	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	-	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	840-870	630-650	800-830	+	*	*	170-210
1.5920	18 CrNi 8	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	-	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	840-870	630-650	800-830	+	*	*	170-210
1.6523	21 NiCrMo 2	8620	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	-	*	*	-	*	*	840-870	630-650	800-830	+	*	*	170-210
1.6587	17 NiCrMo 6	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	-	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	840-870	630-650	800-830	+	*	*	170-210
1.7015	15 Cr 3	5015	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	*	-	*	*	*	-	*	*	870-900	-	-	-	-	-	150-180
1.7131	16 MnCr 5	5115	1150-850	670-700	900-950	+	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	850-880	-	810-840	+	*	*	170-210
1.7139	16 MnCrS 5	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	+	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	850-880	-	810-840	+	*	*	170-210
1.7147	20 MnCr 5	5120	1150-850	670-700	900-950	+	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	850-880	-	810-840	+	*	*	170-210
1.7149	20 MnCrS 5	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	+	*	*	-	*	*	*	*	*	850-880	-	810-840	+	*	*	170-210
1.7321	20 MoCr 4	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	-	-	-	*	*	-	-	-	890-920	-	-	-	-	-	170-210
1.7323	20 MoCrS 4	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	-	-	-	*	*	-	-	-	890-920	-	-	-	-	-	170-210
1.7325	25 MoCr 4	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	-	-	-	*	*	-	-	-	890-920	-	-	-	-	-	170-210
1.7326	25 MoCrS 4	-	1150-850	670-700	900-950	*	-	-	-	*	*	-	-	-	890-920	-	-	-	-	-	170-210

* preferred + secondarily preferred - not applicable

Jominy value
HRC values from the suddenly cooled (mm)
Quality		1,5	3	5	7	9	11	13	15	20	25	30	35	40
15 CrNi 6	Max	47	47	46	45	43	42	41	39	37	35	34	34	33
21 NiCrMo 2	Max	49	48	44	42	36	32	30	29	26	24	23	23	22
17 NiCrMo 6	Max	48	48	48	48	47	47	46	46	44	43	42	41	41
16 MnCr 5	Max	47	46	44	41	37	35	34	33	31	30	29	28	27
20 MnCr 5	Max	49	49	48	46	44	42	41	40	37	35	34	33	31
20 MoCr 4	Max	49	47	43	40	36	34	31	29	26	24	23	22	21
25 MoCr 4	Max	52	51	50	47	43	40	38	36	33	31	30	29	28

Case-Hardening Steels

Material Number

DIN

SAE / AISI

Application Areas

1.0301

C 10

1010

Low-stressed and medium-stressed structural and machine parts

1.0401

C 15

1015

Crank arms, bushings, rollers, gears, measuring instruments, and similar structural and machine parts

1.1121

Ck 10

1010

Low-stressed crank arms, bushings, bolts, and similar wear parts for office machines

1.1140

Cm 15

Vibrating and low-stressed structural and machine parts

1.1141

Ck 15

1015

Low-stressed crank arms, bushings, bolts, and similar small machine parts

1.5713

13 NiCr 6

3415

Machine and automotive parts like gears, sprockets, shafts, and similar small parts with high stress

1.5752

14 NiCr 14

3415;3310

Camshafts, gears, standard torque driveshafts

1.5919

15 CrNi 6

Machine and automotive parts like gears, sprockets, shafts, and similar high-stress parts

1.5920

18 CrNi 8

Thick-walled gears, disc wheels, and other heavily stressed transmission parts

1.6523

21 NiCrMo 2

8620

Very highly stressed gears, bolts, shafts, switch housings, and similar parts in machines and vehicles

1.6587

17 NiCrMo 6

Very highly stressed transmission parts, thick-walled gears, similar parts exposed to heavy wear

1.7015

15 Cr 3

5015

Roller bearings, rollers, measuring instruments, piston pins, differential parts, gears, screw shafts, and similar parts

1.7131

16 MnCr 5

5115

Gears, transmission parts, driveshaft housings, shafts, bolts, bushings, and similar parts

1.7139

16 MnCrS 5

1.7131 material with improved machinability due to sulfur addition

1.7147

20 MnCr 5

5120

Transmission parts, gears, disc wheels, bevel gears, thick-walled shafts, bolts, bushings, and similar parts

1.7149

20 MnCrS 5

1.7147 material with improved machinability due to sulfur addition

1.7243

18CrMo 4

All types of transmission parts, guiding components, axles, shafts, bolts, bushings, switch bearings, and similar parts

1.7321

20 MoCr 4

All types of transmission parts, guiding components, axles, shafts, bolts, bushings, switch bearings, and similar parts

1.7323

20 MoCrS 4

All types of transmission parts, guiding components, axles, shafts, bolts, bushings, switch bearings, and similar parts

1.7325

25 MoCr 4

All types of transmission parts, guiding components, axles, shafts, bolts, bushings, switch bearings, and similar parts

1.7326

25 MoCrS 4

All types of transmission parts, guiding components, axles, shafts, bolts, bushings, switch bearings, and similar parts